Abstract
Objective
To examine whether aspects of social capital, or benefits received from social relationships,
are associated with regular bedtime and sleep duration across childhood in US families
with lower income.
Methods
Cross-sectional study using the 2018–19 National Survey of Children's Health in participants
with incomes <400% federal poverty level. Separately for early childhood (0–5 years),
school-age (6–12 years), and adolescence (13–17 years), we used weighted logistic
regression to examine associations between social capital (measured by family social
cohesion, parent social support, child social support) and sleep (measured by regular
bedtime, sleep duration, adequate sleep per American of Academy of Sleep guidelines).
Path analysis tested whether regular bedtime mediated associations between social
capital and sleep duration.
Results
In our sample (N = 35,438), 84.9% had a regular bedtime, 60.2% had adequate sleep.
Family social cohesion was associated with sleep duration and adequate sleep (infancy:
adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.18 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32, 3.60]; school
age: aOR 2.03 [95% CI, 1.57, 2.63]; adolescence: aOR 2.44 [95% CI, 1.94, 3.09]). In
toddlerhood, parent social support was associated with adequate sleep (aOR 1.44 [95%
CI, 1.06, 1.96]). In adolescence, child social support was associated with regular
bedtime (aOR 1.70 [95% CI, 1.25, 2.32]. Across childhood, associations between family
social cohesion and sleep duration were partially mediated by regular bedtime.
Conclusions
Family social cohesion was associated with adequate sleep across childhood, this was
partially mediated by regular bedtime. Associations between social support and sleep
outcomes varied by development stage. Future work should consider how supportive relationships
may influence child sleep outcomes.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 10, 2023
Accepted:
January 2,
2023
Received:
July 13,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofFootnotes
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Identification
Copyright
Copyright © 2023 by Academic Pediatric Association
