Health Insurance
Caregiver Opinion of In-Hospital Screening for Unmet Social Needs by Pediatric Residents
Child health is strongly influenced by social determinants. Little is known about the opinions of primary caregivers regarding the physicians' role in addressing social needs. Our objective was to examine caregivers' opinions about that role and any associations between those opinions, previous exposure to screening for needs by pediatric residents, and socioeconomic status (SES).Hospitalization: Are We Missing an Opportunity to Identify Food Insecurity in Children?
Food security is the ability to access sufficient food to maintain a healthy, active life. Previous studies link food insecurity with adverse health outcomes. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of food insecurity, identify sociodemographic risk factors, and quantify receipt of public nutrition assistance among recently hospitalized children in the United States.Maintenance of Increased Childhood Influenza Vaccination Rates 1 Year After an Intervention in Primary Care Practices
Influenza vaccination rates among some groups of children remain below the Healthy People 2020 goal of 70%. Multistrategy interventions to increase childhood influenza vaccination have not been evaluated recently.Developmental Screening Disparities for Languages Other than English and Spanish
Limited English proficiency (LEP) is a known barrier to preventive care. Children from families with LEP face socioeconomic circumstances associated with increased odds of developmental delays and decreased participation in early care and education programs. Little is known about developmental surveillance and screening for children from families who speak languages other than English and Spanish. We sought to compare developmental surveillance and screening at well-child visits (WCVs) by preferred parental language.Physician Perspectives on Medical Home Recognition for Practice Transformation for Children
To examine child-serving physicians' perspectives on motivations for and support for practices in seeking patient-centered medical home (PCMH) recognition, changes in practice infrastructure, and care processes before and after recognition, and perceived benefits and challenges of functioning as a PCMH for the children they serve, especially children with special health care needs.Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection Among Siblings of Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux
Siblings of children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) are at elevated risk of VUR. Screening siblings may identify VUR before a clinical illness such as a urinary tract infection (UTI), but the benefit of screening has not been demonstrated. We sought to determine the incidence of UTI among siblings, and we hypothesized that the sibling UTI rate is similar between screened and unscreened siblings.Underserved Areas and Pediatric Resident Characteristics: Is There Reason for Optimism?
To examine whether resident characteristics and experiences are related to practice in underserved areas.Juvenile Incarceration and Health
Addressing the health status and needs of incarcerated youth represents an issue at the nexus of juvenile justice reform and health care reform. Incarcerated youth face disproportionately higher morbidity and higher mortality compared to the general adolescent population. Dental health, reproductive health, and mental health needs are particularly high, likely as a result of lower access to care, engagement in high-risk behaviors, and underlying health disparities. Violence exposure and injury also contribute to the health disparities seen in this population.Variation in Educational Services Receipt Among US Children With Developmental Conditions
To examine the relationship between ease of access to needed community-based services (ease of access) and educational services receipt, and variation in educational services receipt by sociodemographic and need factors among a nationally representative sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delay (DD), and/or intellectual disability (ID).Parental Use of Electronic Cigarettes
To describe parental use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) to better understand the safety risks posed to children.Trends in Type of Health Insurance Coverage for US Children and Their Parents, 1998–2011
To examine trends in health insurance type among US children and their parents.A Comparison of Ambulatory Care Sensitive Hospitalizations Among Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
To compare the prevalence of hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to compare inpatient health care utilization (total charges and length of stay) for the same conditions in children with and without ASD.Trends in Disparities in Low-Income Children's Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care by Family Immigration Status
To examine time trends in disparities in low-income children's health insurance coverage and access to care by family immigration status.Multiple Behavior Change Intervention to Improve Detection of Unmet Social Needs and Resulting Resource Referrals
It is critical that pediatric residents learn to effectively screen families for active and addressable social needs (ie, negative social determinants of health). We sought to determine 1) whether a brief intervention teaching residents about IHELP, a social needs screening tool, could improve resident screening, and 2) how accurately IHELP could detect needs in the inpatient setting.Enrollment, Expenditures, and Utilization After CHIP Expansion: Evidence From Alabama
In October 2009, Alabama expanded eligibility in its Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), known as ALL Kids, from 200% to 300% of the federal poverty level (FPL). We examined the expenditures, utilization, and enrollment behavior of expansion enrollees relative to traditional enrollees (100–200% FPL) and assessed the impact of expansion on total program expenditures.Children with Special Health Care Needs in CHIP: Access, Use, and Child and Family Outcomes
To assess how the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) affects outcomes for children with special health care needs (CSHCN).CHIP and Medicaid: Evolving to Meet the Needs of Children
To examine the evolution of Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) and Medicaid programs after passage of the Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009 (CHIPRA), focusing on policies affecting eligibility, enrollment, renewal, benefits, access to care, cost sharing, and preparation for health care reform.How Well Is CHIP Addressing Primary and Preventive Care Needs and Access for Children?
To examine differences in primary care outcomes under the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) compared to private coverage and being uninsured in 10 states.Enrollment and Disenrollment Experiences of Families Covered by CHIP
To understand why families enroll in and disenroll from Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), their experience with the CHIP application and renewal process, and the insurance coverage of their children after disenrolling.The Children's Health Insurance Program Lessons for Health Reform
The articles in this special Academic Pediatrics' supplement present a thoughtful analysis of the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) contribution to the advancement of child health policy in the United States. CHIP has played a significant role in reducing the proportion of uninsured children in the United States, not only through the coverage subsidies it provides to millions of children, but also because of the heightened policy focus it has brought to the question of how to structure insurance for children and make coverage accessible.The Children's Health Insurance Program Strengthens Children's Health Care
The Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) has provided substantial coverage for critical groups of children and youth since its inception in the 1990s. Meant to cover children in households with incomes greater than financial eligibility for Medicaid but unable to obtain health insurance through a parent's workplace, CHIP has played a major role in achieving the lowest rate of uninsurance among America's children ever.1 With current funding through the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (and due to expire in September 2015), CHIP also serves, along with Medicaid's Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment program, as health insurance tailored specifically to the needs of children.The Children's Health Insurance Program and the Goldilocks Effect
Did you ever read the story of Goldilocks to your children? In one version of this story, Goldilocks is a tired, hungry, and lost little girl who encounters a house owned by 3 bears. She finds 3 bowls of porridge and judges whether each is too hot, too cold, or just right. She then finds 3 chairs, and determines whether each is too big, too small, or just right. Finally she is tired and finds 3 beds, and she assesses whether each bed is too hard, too soft, or just right. After she eats the porridge, sits in the chair, and lies on the bed that are all “just right,” she falls asleep.Alabama's Perspective of the Child Health Insurance Program
The articles in this supplement report on a Congressionally mandated evaluation of the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) and highlight the effects of the program on insurance coverage and access to care in 10 study states. Here, we provide some insights on how CHIP has found success in Alabama by providing coverage to uninsured children and ensuring they have access to quality health care.The Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act Evaluation Findings on Children's Health Insurance Coverage in an Evolving Health Care Landscape
The Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Reauthorization Act (CHIPRA) reauthorized CHIP through federal fiscal year 2019 and, together with provisions in the Affordable Care Act, federal funding for the program was extended through federal fiscal year 2015. Congressional action is required or federal funding for the program will end in September 2015. This supplement to Academic Pediatrics is intended to inform discussions about CHIP's future. Most of the new research presented comes from a large evaluation of CHIP mandated by Congress in the CHIPRA.
