Mental Health
Adversity, Maltreatment, and Resilience in Young Children
Much of the research on children in high risk environments, particularly those who have been maltreated, has focused on negative outcomes. Yet, much can be learned from some of these children who fare relatively well. The objective was to examine resilience in high-risk preschoolers, and to probe contributors to their adaptive functioning.Is the Use of Physical Discipline Associated with Aggressive Behaviors in Young Children?
To determine the association between use of physical discipline and parental report of physically aggressive child behaviors in a cohort of young children who were without indicators of current or past physical abuse.Parental Predictions and Perceptions Regarding Long-Term Childhood Obesity-Related Health Risks
To assess how parents perceive long-term risks for developing obesity-related chronic health conditions.For Better or Worse? Change in Service Use by Children Investigated by Child Welfare Over a Decade
Children, particularly minority children, referred to child welfare because of suspected maltreatment are vulnerable and need many services. We sought to assess whether service use has improved over the past decade and whether racial-ethnic disparities in service use have decreased.Physician Perspectives on Medical Home Recognition for Practice Transformation for Children
To examine child-serving physicians' perspectives on motivations for and support for practices in seeking patient-centered medical home (PCMH) recognition, changes in practice infrastructure, and care processes before and after recognition, and perceived benefits and challenges of functioning as a PCMH for the children they serve, especially children with special health care needs.Screening for Adolescent Problematic Internet Use: Validation of the Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale (PRIUSS)
Problematic Internet use (PIU) is an emerging health concern that lacks screening measures validated for use with adolescents and young adults. This study aimed to validate the Problematic and Risky Internet Use Screening Scale (PRIUSS) for use with older adolescents and to increase its clinical utility by determining scoring guidelines and assessing the relationship between PIU and other mental health conditions.Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Attained Size Among Children in the First 2 Years of Life
To evaluate the relation of maternal depressive symptoms with attained size and whether it is stronger for young children in low-income families.Underserved Areas and Pediatric Resident Characteristics: Is There Reason for Optimism?
To examine whether resident characteristics and experiences are related to practice in underserved areas.Association of Adolescent Depressive Symptoms With Health Care Utilization and Payer-Incurred Expenditures
Screening adolescents for depression is recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force. We sought to evaluate the impact of positive depression screens in an adolescent population on health care utilization and costs from a payer perspective.Beyond ADHD: How Well Are We Doing?
There has been increasing emphasis on the role of the pediatrician with respect to behavioral, learning, and mental health (MH) issues, and developmental behavioral rotations are now required in pediatric residency programs. We sought to examine whether this newer emphasis on MH is reflected in pediatricians' reports of their current practices.School-Based Health Centers as Medical Homes: Parents' and Adolescents' Perspectives
Preventive health services are underutilized by US adolescents, especially those from low-income populations. School-based health centers (SBHCs) have been endorsed as primary medical homes for adolescents. This study was undertaken to determine how adolescent SBHC users and their parents perceive SBHCs, particularly whether SBHCs fulfill each of the elements of a medical home as defined by the American Academy of Pediatrics.Barriers to the Identification and Management of Psychosocial Problems: Changes From 2004 to 2013
Pediatricians report many barriers to caring for children with mental health (MH) problems. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has focused attention on MH problems, but the impact on perceived barriers is unknown. We examined whether perceived barriers and their correlates changed from 2004 to 2013.Household Food Insecurity and Mental Health Problems Among Adolescents: What Do Parents Report?
To investigate whether adolescents living in households with food insecurity have poorer parent-reported mental health (MH) than peers.Do Pediatricians Ask About Adverse Childhood Experiences in Pediatric Primary Care?
The stress associated with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has immediate and long-lasting effects. The objectives of this study were to examine 1) how often pediatricians ask patients' families about ACEs, 2) how familiar pediatricians are with the original ACE study, and 3) physician/practice characteristics, physicians' mental health training, and physicians' attitudes/beliefs that are associated with asking about ACEs.A Comparison of Ambulatory Care Sensitive Hospitalizations Among Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
To compare the prevalence of hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to compare inpatient health care utilization (total charges and length of stay) for the same conditions in children with and without ASD.Trends in Disparities in Low-Income Children's Health Insurance Coverage and Access to Care by Family Immigration Status
To examine time trends in disparities in low-income children's health insurance coverage and access to care by family immigration status.Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health, Chronic Medical Conditions, and Development in Young Children
To determine the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and mental health, chronic medical conditions, and social development among young children in the child welfare system.Association of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma Rates With Macroeconomic Indicators
We aimed to examine abusive head trauma (AHT) incidence before, during and after the recession of 2007–2009 in 3 US regions and assess the association of economic measures with AHT incidence.Examining Trends and Coexisting Conditions Among Children Qualifying for SSI Under ADHD, ASD, and ID
To examine the prevalence trends and coexisting conditions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID) in the pediatric Supplemental Security Income (SSI) population and general population.Pediatric-Based Intervention to Motivate Mothers to Seek Follow-up for Depression Screens: The Motivating Our Mothers (MOM) Trial
To determine the initial effectiveness of a novel, pediatric office-based intervention in motivating mothers to seek further assessment of positive depression screens.A Planned Care Approach and Patient Registry to Improve Adherence to Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects almost 2.4 million US children. Because American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for ADHD recommend use of standardized diagnostic instruments, regular follow-up and the chronic care model, this pilot project sought to implement and assess an electronic registry of patients with ADHD combined with care coordination by a planned care team.Are Unmet Breastfeeding Expectations Associated With Maternal Depressive Symptoms?
Most US women intend and initiate breastfeeding, yet many do not breastfeed as long as desired. Not meeting one's own prenatal expectations is a plausible mechanism for the previously observed association between lack of breastfeeding and postpartum depression (PPD). This study explored whether meeting prenatal expectations for exclusive breastfeeding was associated with PPD symptoms.Children with Special Health Care Needs in CHIP: Access, Use, and Child and Family Outcomes
To assess how the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) affects outcomes for children with special health care needs (CSHCN).CHIP and Medicaid: Evolving to Meet the Needs of Children
To examine the evolution of Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) and Medicaid programs after passage of the Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009 (CHIPRA), focusing on policies affecting eligibility, enrollment, renewal, benefits, access to care, cost sharing, and preparation for health care reform.Parent Reports of Mental Health Concerns and Functional Impairment on Routine Screening With the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
This study used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to describe the prevalence of parent-reported mental health (MH) concerns in youth presenting for primary care appointments and to examine relationships between children's MH issues and functional impairment. We hypothesized that increased MH symptomology would be associated with increased impairment and family burden.
